MAIN IMAGINARY AND REAL ROBOTS TIMELINE

Cave Painting

~30.000 BC

Paleolithic Venus Figurines

~30.000 BC

Articulated Tribal Masks

~5.000 BC

Egyptian Articulated Statues and Masks

~2.000 BC

Golem

Talmudic tradition, 1st. appearance Psalms 139:16

~10th Century BC

Golden Servants of Hephaestus

Homer's epic poem, Odyssey

~8th Century BC

Articulated Statuettes and Puppets

~500 BC

Talos

Giant bronze automaton made by Hephaestus to protect Crete

~400 BC

Dedalus « Living » Statues

Cited in Plato's Menon

~390 BC

Flying Mechanical Bird

Archytas of Tarentum

~380 BC

Pneumatic and Mechanical Automata

Philo of Byzantium

~250 BC

Galatea and Pygmalion

Ovid's narrative poem, Metamorphoses, Book X

~0

Pneumatic and Mechanical Automata

Hero of Alexandria

~10-70 AD

Automaton Clock

Gift from Caliph Haroun Al-Rachid to Charlemagne

809

Copper Knights

Lancelot do Lac, Arthurian legends

~13th Century

Pourer Automata

Various automata, Al-Jazari

1315

Jacquemarts

Bellstrikers, e.g. Notre Dame de Dijon

1383

Mechanical Knight

Humanoid automata, Leonardo da Vinci

~1495

Gargantua's automata

Gargantua, François Rabelais

1534

Mechanical Gardens and Landscapes

Tommaso Francini

1598

Talking Head

Don Quichotte, Miguel de Cervantès

1605

Francine

Mechanical Daugther (probably a tale), René Descartes

1640

Flute and Tambourine Players, Digesting Duck

Automata, Jacques de Vaucanson

1738

Mechanical Turc Chess Player

Fake humanoid automaton made by Wolfgang von Kempelen

1770

Musician, Draugthman and Writer

Humanoid automata, Pierre Jaquet-Droz, Henri-Louis Jaquet-Droz and Jean-Frédéric Leschot

1774

Olympia

The Sandman, Ernst T. A. Hoffmann

1816

Frankenstein

Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus, Mary Shelley

1817

The Venus of Ille

The Venus of Ille, Prosper Mérimée

1837

Automata in Magic Shows

Jean Eugène Robert-Houdin

1854

Pinocchio

The Adventures of Pinocchio, Carlo Lorenzini (C. Collodi)

1881

Hadaly

The Future Eve, Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam

1886

R.U.R. Robots

1st use of the term, R.U.R. Rossum's Universal Robots, Karel Čapek

1921

Futura

1st robot in a movie, Metropolis, Fritz Lang and Thea von Harbou

1927

Elektro and Sparko

1st humanoid robot, Westinghouse Electric Corporation

1937

Elmer and Elsie

Machina Speculatrix, William Grey Walter

1948

The 3 laws of Robotics

I, Robot, Isaac Asimov

1950

Gort

The Day the Earth Stood Still, Robert Wise

1951

Astro Boy

Manga, Osamu Tezuka

1952

Robby

Forbidden Planet, Fred McLeod Wilcox

1956

Beast

Mobile robot, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

1960

Unimate 001

1st industrial robot, George Devol and Joe Engelberg, Universal Automation

1962

Shakey

Mobile robot, Charles Rosey, SRI Stanford

1966

Hilare

Mobile robot, LAAS Genoble

1977

CART

Hans Moravec, Stanford University, this project began in 1960s

1979

Gunslinger

Westworld, Michael Crichton

1973

Goldorak

Manga, Go Nagai

1975

R2D2 and C3PO

Star Wars, George Lucas

1977

Cylons

Battlestar Galactica, Glen A. Larson

1978

Officier Ash

Alien, Ridley Scott

1979

Replican Nexus-6

Blade Runner, Ridley Scott, from a novel by Philip K. Dick

1982

Transformers

Manga and toys, Hasbro/Takara

1984

T-800

Terminator, James Cameron

1984

Johnny Five

Short Circuit, John Badham

1986

Robocop

Robocop, Paul Verhoeven

1987

Genhis

Insectoid robot, Rodney Brooks, MIT

1989

T-1000

Terminator - The Jugment Day, James Cameron

1991

Aibo

Dog robot, Toshi Doi, Sony

1997

Kismeth

Emotional head, Cinthia Breazal, MIT

1998

Khepera

Small modular mini robot, F. Mondada, et. Al. EPFL, K-Team

1999

Robots making love

Clip for Björk's song « All Is Full of Love », Chris Cunningham

1999

Asimo

Humanoid walking robot, Honda Motors

2000

Golem

1st robot created by a Genetic Algorithm, H. Lipson and J. Pollack

2000

David and Gigolo Joe

A.I. Artificial Intelligence, Steven Spielberg

2001

Roomba

Vacuum cleaner robot, iRobot

2002

Sonny

I, Robot, Alex Proyas

2004

Number 6

Battlestar Galactica, Ronald D. Moore

2004

Actroïd and Geminoïd

Hiroshi Ishiguro, Osaka University

2005

Nao

Humanoid robot, Aldebaran Robotics

2006

Transformers

Transformers, Michael Bay

2007

Wall-E

Wall-E, Andrew Stanton

2008

iCube

European open-source child robot,

2006

BigDog

Quadruped robot, Boston Dynamics

2008

Nexi

Cinthia Breazal, MIT

2009

HRP-4

Humanoid robot, AIST and Kawada

2010

Hubots

Real Humans, Lars Lundström

2012

Curiosity

Mars Science Lab. robot, NASA

2012

Atlas

Humanoid robot, Boston Dynamics

2013

Swarm Robots

Radhika Nagpal, Harvard

2014

Pepper

Emotional robot, Aldebaran Robotics and Softbank

2014

Ava

Ex Machina, Alex Garland

2015

Chappie

Chappie, Neill Blomkamp

2015

BB-8

Star Wars VII, Jeffrey J. Abrams

2015

Dolores

Westworld, Jonathan Nolan and Lisa Joy

2016